The who more specifically defines a pandemic as a worldwide spread of a new disease. Some diseases are acute, producing severe symptoms that terminate after a short time, e. When physicians, scientists and public health activists claim that x is an epidemic, the words con jure images of a rapidly spreading infectious disease that claims victims indiscriminately, not a steady uptick in the diagnosis of developmental disabilities or an increased consump tion of carbohydrates. Pandemics definition of pandemics by the free dictionary. A disease is said to be sporadic when only a few cases occur here and there in a given region. These diseases are reflected in the growth of the skull. Outbreak carries the same definition as an epidemic but is often used to describe a more limited geographic event. This medical disease hand book can act as a clinical advisor for self diagnosis and can also be used to look up symptoms, diseases and treatment. When the prevalence of disease is subject to wide fluctuations in time, it is considered to be epidemic during periods of high prevalence. An epidemic is defined as an outbreak of disease that spreads quickly and affects many individuals at the same time. For example, in 2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome sars epidemic took the lives of nearly 800 people. Teach cough hygiene everywhereepidemic wikibooks, open.
Dec 04, 2018 the disease is present in a community at all times but in relatively low frequency. An epidemic is a disease that spreads rapidly among many people in a community at the same time. An epidemic from greek epi upon or above and demos people is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time. A sudden severe outbreak of a disease such as sars. When enough people are immunized against a disease, it becomes uncommonsimply. Medicine epidemic over a wide geographic area and affecting a large proportion of the population. Epidemic disease article about epidemic disease by the. Depending on the disease, an alert threshold is reached when there is one suspected case as for an epidemic prone disease or for a disease targeted for elimination or eradication or when there is an unexplained increase seen over a period of time in monthly summary reporting. Ed also refers to the usual prevalence of a given disease in an area or group endemic disease endemik dizez. Widespread and chronic complaints such as heart disease and allergy are not included if they are not thought to be infectious. The reject rate calculation shall use a moving time window based on a period of month intervals. Based upon this, diabetes is certainly an epidemic in most countries.
The cambridge historical dictionary of disease academia. Sep 29, 2016 an epidemic is when an infectious disease spreads within a community or area during a specific time period. Epidemic unusual frequent occurrence of disease in the light of past experience. An epidemic curve is a graphic plotting of the distribution of cases by the time of onset or reporting, which gives a picture of the timing, spread, and extent of the disease from the time of the initial index cases and the secondary spread. If there is an epidemic of a particular disease somewhere, it affects a very large. This article is a list of epidemics of infectious disease. Hyperendemic is a situation in which there are persistent, high levels of disease occurrence. What is the difference between epidemic and endemic. The study of epidemic disease has always been a topic where biological issues mix with social ones. Epidemicity definition, of a disease affecting many persons at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent. Endemic disease definition of endemic disease by medical.
Epidemic disease definition of epidemic disease by the. For example, the oxford dictionary online includes. The definition of an obesity epidemic is the growing number of people globally, more than 1 billion adults and 22 million children under the age of five, who are overweight or obese and who often have accompanying medical illness su. Mar, 2020 when an epidemic crosses over into pandemic, the biggest difference is that more governments are involved in attempting to prevent the progression of the disease and, potentially, treat the people. If a disease or illness is endemic in a place, it is frequently found among the people. Pandemic is also used as a noun, meaning a pandemic disease. Dsepd sponsors multiple approaches that impact people, tools, and systems for strengthening the workforce to improve the publics health. Epidemic disease crossword answers, clues, definition. Another medical mystery solved at university of maryland. Infection prevention and control of epidemic world health.
The branching process model is a simple framework for reasoning about the spread of an epidemic as one varies both the amount of contact among. A pandemic is a type of epidemic one with greater range and coverage, an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population. The dictionary of epidemiology defines an epidemic as the occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness, specific healthrelated behavior, or other healthrelated events clearly in excess of normal expectancy. By contrast, there are the related terms epidemic and pandemic. A sudden increase in the number of cases of a diseasemore than whats typically. A disease that tends to be restricted to a particular region endemic disease can become epidemic if nonimmune persons are present in large numbers as in time of war or during pilgrimages, if the infectious agent is more virulent than usual, or if distribution of the disease is more easily effected.
The occurrence of more cases of a disease than would be expected in a community or region during a given time period. Epidemic disease article about epidemic disease by the free. Division of scientific education and professional development dsepd mission statement. The disease is present in a community at all times but in relatively low frequency. Considering the primary meaning and usage of epidemic to denote. An epidemic disease is not required to be contagious, and the term has been applied to west nile fever and the obesity epidemic, among others. In epidemiology, an epidemic epi meaning upon or above and demos meaning people, occurs when new cases of a certain disease, in a given human population, and during a given period, substantially exceed what is expected based on recent experience354 epidemiologists often consider the term outbreak to be synonymous to epidemic, but the. Ed also refers to the usual prevalence of a given disease in an area or group endemic disease endemik di. Pandemics synonyms, pandemics pronunciation, pandemics translation, english dictionary definition of pandemics. The rise and decline in epidemic prevalence of an infectious disease is a probability phenomenon dependent upon transfer of an effective dose of the infectious agent from an infected individual to a susceptible. Although cofactors that may deter mine the onset of symptoms remain unknown, evidence suggests that. An epidemic is defined as an outbreak of a disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects an exceptionally high proportion of the population. Medical diseases dictionary free download is like a free doctor at home for common.
Epidemic failure legal definition of epidemic failure by. When an epidemic crosses over into pandemic, the biggest difference is that more governments are involved in attempting to prevent the progression of the disease and, potentially, treat the people. Epidemic failure means a reject rate of % or above. Epidemic disease epidemic disease is a 15 letter phrase starting and ending with e synonyms, crossword answers and other related words for epidemic disease. Depending on the disease, an alert threshold is reached when there is one suspected case as for an epidemicprone disease or for a disease targeted for elimination or eradication or when there is an unexplained increase seen over a period of time in monthly summary reporting. Epidemic refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease above what is normally expected. An epidemic occurs when an infectious disease spreads rapidly to many people.
Sources included popular and medical dictionaries, ancient documents. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic. Pdf an unprecedented disease outbreak in a certain geographical. The occurrence in a community of region of a group of illness or an outbreak of. Epidemic definition in the cambridge english dictionary.
Epidemics article about epidemics by the free dictionary. Epidemic definition is affecting or tending to affect a disproportionately large number of individuals within a population, community, or region at the same time. Medically speaking, endemic describes a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser extent in a particular place. We hope that the following list of synonyms for the word epidemic disease will help you to. For example, in 2003, the severe acute respiratory syndrome sars epidemic took the lives of.
An epidemic from greek epi upon or above and demos people is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less. Cambridge, new york, melbourne, madrid, cape town, singapore, s o paulo cambridge university press the edinburgh building, cambridge, united kingdom. Two examples of common sources of outbreak are the epidemics emmititus and powititus. When we talk about epidemic disease, we will be thinking of contagious diseases caused by biological pathogens things like in. An epidemic failure is declared if the reject rate associated with the same root cause found during any month period divided by number of total units delivered to adva during that same month interval exceeds the epidemic failure. Epidemic definition, of a disease affecting many persons at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent. Epidemic adjective the adjective epidemic has 1 sense 1. Obesity epidemic dictionary definition obesity epidemic. Division of scientific education and professional development. Epidemic disease is controlled by various measures, depending on whether transmission is through respiratory droplets, food and water contaminated with intestinal wastes, insect vectors, or other means. Compared to an epidemic disease, a pandemic disease is an epidemic that has spread over a large area, that is, its prevalent throughout an entire country, continent, or the whole world.
An epidemic is a sudden severe outbreak within a region or a group, as with aids in africa or aids in intravenous drug users. Allergy and infectious diseases, national institutes of health. Improve health outcomes through a competent, sustainable, and empowered public health workforce. For those who are in a hurry, and just need to know the quick answer, the merriamwebster dictionary of english usage has the following advice. Endemic definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Epidemic, an occurrence of disease that is temporarily of high prevalence. Epidemic is a term that is often broadly used to describe any problem that has grown out of control. Dictionary of tropical medicine the australasian college of. Epidemics prevailing over wide geographic areas are called pandemics. Epidemic disease definition of epidemic disease by. Definition of epidemic written for english language learners from the merriamwebster learners dictionary with audio pronunciations, usage examples, and countnoncount noun labels. An epidemic occurring over a wide geographical area e.
An epidemic is when an infectious disease spreads within a community or area during a specific time period. Epidemic definition and meaning collins english dictionary. An epidemic is a sudden severe outbreak within a region or a group, as with aids. The rise and decline in epidemic prevalence of an infectious disease is a probability phenomenon dependent upon transfer of an effective dose of the infectious agent from an infected individual to a susceptible one. An epidemic failure is declared if the reject rate associated with the same root cause found during any month period divided by number of total units delivered to adva during that same month interval exceeds the. Medical diseases dictionary free download is like a free doctor at. Approximately two years after columbus reached the new world, an unknown disease appeared among the ranks of a french army that was laying siege to the southern italian city of naples. Western societies have constructed the meaning of disease. We hope that the following list of synonyms for the word epidemic disease will help you to finish your crossword today.
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